| GO term | GO name | GO namespace | GO def |
| GO:0000122 | negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | biological_process | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH] |
| GO:0007166 | cell surface receptor signaling pathway | biological_process | A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] |
| GO:0022414 | reproductive process | biological_process | A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete] |
| GO:0005488 | binding | molecular_function | The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
| GO:0019899 | enzyme binding | molecular_function | Binding to an enzyme, a protein with catalytic activity. [GOC:jl] |
| GO:0032501 | multicellular organismal process | biological_process | Any biological process, occurring at the level of a multicellular organism, pertinent to its function. [GOC:curators, GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] |
| GO:0043235 | receptor complex | cellular_component | Any protein complex that undergoes combination with a hormone, neurotransmitter, drug or intracellular messenger to initiate a change in cell function. [GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0002263 | cell activation involved in immune response | biological_process | A change in the morphology or behavior of a cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
| GO:0005576 | extracellular region | cellular_component | The space external to the outermost structure of a cell. For cells without external protective or external encapsulating structures this refers to space outside of the plasma membrane. This term covers the host cell environment outside an intracellular parasite. [GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0032956 | regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures comprising actin filaments and their associated proteins. [GOC:mah] |
| GO:0090092 | regulation of transmembrane receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway | biological_process | Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the series of molecular signals generated as a consequence of a transmembrane receptor serine/threonine kinase binding to its physiological ligand. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| GO:0043065 | positive regulation of apoptotic process | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_apoptosis] |
| GO:0050679 | positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of epithelial cell proliferation. [GOC:ai] |
| GO:0060284 | regulation of cell development | biological_process | Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the progression of the cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| GO:0048729 | tissue morphogenesis | biological_process | The process in which the anatomical structures of a tissue are generated and organized. [GOC:dph, GOC:jid] |
| GO:0070374 | positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction mediated by the ERK1 and ERK2 cascade. [GOC:mah] |
| GO:0005887 | integral component of plasma membrane | cellular_component | The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. [GOC:dos, GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0007389 | pattern specification process | biological_process | Any developmental process that results in the creation of defined areas or spaces within an organism to which cells respond and eventually are instructed to differentiate. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete, ISBN:0521436125] |
| GO:0023051 | regulation of signaling | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling process. [GOC:mtg_signal] |
| GO:0048598 | embryonic morphogenesis | biological_process | The process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized during the embryonic phase. The embryonic phase begins with zygote formation. The end of the embryonic phase is organism-specific. For example, it would be at birth for mammals, larval hatching for insects and seed dormancy in plants. [GOC:jid, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
| GO:0007399 | nervous system development | biological_process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of nervous tissue over time, from its formation to its mature state. [GOC:dgh] |
| GO:0010629 | negative regulation of gene expression | biological_process | Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). [GOC:txnOH-2018] |
| GO:0009966 | regulation of signal transduction | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction. [GOC:sm] |
| GO:0030097 | hemopoiesis | biological_process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the myeloid and lymphoid derived organ/tissue systems of the blood and other parts of the body over time, from formation to the mature structure. The site of hemopoiesis is variable during development, but occurs primarily in bone marrow or kidney in many adult vertebrates. [GOC:dgh, ISBN:0198506732] |
| GO:0009653 | anatomical structure morphogenesis | biological_process | The process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0521436125] |
| GO:0032970 | regulation of actin filament-based process | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any cellular process that depends upon or alters the actin cytoskeleton. [GOC:mah] |
| GO:0045321 | leukocyte activation | biological_process | A change in morphology and behavior of a leukocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. [GOC:add] |
| GO:0050896 | response to stimulus | biological_process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. [GOC:ai, GOC:bf] |
| GO:0009986 | cell surface | cellular_component | The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:sm] |
| GO:0045595 | regulation of cell differentiation | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation, the process in which relatively unspecialized cells acquire specialized structural and functional features. [GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0051128 | regulation of cellular component organization | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cell structures, including the plasma membrane and any external encapsulating structures such as the cell wall and cell envelope. [GOC:ai] |
| GO:0008134 | transcription factor binding | molecular_function | Binding to a transcription factor, a protein required to initiate or regulate transcription. [ISBN:0198506732] |
| GO:1903706 | regulation of hemopoiesis | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of hemopoiesis. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:pad, GOC:PARL, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:20080761] |
| GO:0032502 | developmental process | biological_process | A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit |
| GO:0006915 | apoptotic process | biological_process | A programmed cell death process which begins when a cell receives an internal (e.g. DNA damage) or external signal (e.g. an extracellular death ligand), and proceeds through a series of biochemical events (signaling pathway phase) which trigger an execution phase. The execution phase is the last step of an apoptotic process, and is typically characterized by rounding-up of the cell, retraction of pseudopodes, reduction of cellular volume (pyknosis), chromatin condensation, nuclear fragmentation (karyorrhexis), plasma membrane blebbing and fragmentation of the cell into apoptotic bodies. When the execution phase is completed, the cell has died. [GOC:cjm, GOC:dhl, GOC:ecd, GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_apoptosis, GOC:tb, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:18846107, PMID:21494263] |
| GO:0006950 | response to stress | biological_process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). [GOC:mah] |
| GO:0051240 | positive regulation of multicellular organismal process | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of an organismal process, any of the processes pertinent to the function of an organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs. [GOC:ai] |
| GO:0006955 | immune response | biological_process | Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add] |
| GO:0007165 | signal transduction | biological_process | The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] |
| GO:0048584 | positive regulation of response to stimulus | biological_process | Any process that activates, maintains or increases the rate of a response to a stimulus. Response to stimulus is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. [GOC:jid] |
| GO:0060429 | epithelium development | biological_process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_lung] |
| GO:0061629 | RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding | molecular_function | Binding to a sequence-specific DNA binding RNA polymerase II transcription factor, any of the factors that interact selectively and non-covalently with a specific DNA sequence in order to modulate transcription. [GOC:dph, GOC:vw] |
| GO:0007411 | axon guidance | biological_process | The chemotaxis process that directs the migration of an axon growth cone to a specific target site in response to a combination of attractive and repulsive cues. [ISBN:0878932437] |
| GO:0009887 | animal organ morphogenesis | biological_process | Morphogenesis of an animal organ. An organ is defined as a tissue or set of tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Morphogenesis is the process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions. [GOC:dgh, GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0471245208, ISBN:0721662544] |
| GO:0002682 | regulation of immune system process | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune system process. [GOC:add] |
| GO:0001775 | cell activation | biological_process | A change in the morphology or behavior of a cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand. [GOC:mgi_curators] |
| GO:0065007 | biological regulation | biological_process | Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function. [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:vw] |
| GO:0006952 | defense response | biological_process | Reactions, triggered in response to the presence of a foreign body or the occurrence of an injury, which result in restriction of damage to the organism attacked or prevention/recovery from the infection caused by the attack. [GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0033043 | regulation of organelle organization | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a process involved in the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of an organelle. [GOC:mah] |
| GO:0035295 | tube development | biological_process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tube over time, from its initial formation to a mature structure. Epithelial and endothelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues including lung and trachea, kidney, the mammary gland, the vascular system and the gastrointestinal and urinary-genital tracts. [PMID:12526790] |
| GO:0030154 | cell differentiation | biological_process | The process in which relatively unspecialized cells, e.g. embryonic or regenerative cells, acquire specialized structural and/or functional features that characterize the cells, tissues, or organs of the mature organism or some other relatively stable phase of the organism's life history. Differentiation includes the processes involved in commitment of a cell to a specific fate and its subsequent development to the mature state. [ISBN:0198506732] |
| GO:0014706 | striated muscle tissue development | biological_process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a striated muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Striated muscle contain fibers that are divided by transverse bands into striations, and cardiac and skeletal muscle are types of striated muscle. Skeletal muscle myoblasts fuse to form myotubes and eventually multinucleated muscle fibers. The fusion of cardiac cells is very rare and can only form binucleate cells. [CL:0000737, GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_muscle] |
| GO:0001947 | heart looping | biological_process | The tube morphogenesis process in which the primitive heart tube loops asymmetrically. This looping brings the primitive heart chambers into alignment preceding their future integration. Heart looping begins with dextral-looping and ends when the main regional divisions of the mature heart and primordium of the great arterial trunks become established preceeding septation. [GOC:dph, PMID:12094232] |
| GO:0002684 | positive regulation of immune system process | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune system process. [GOC:add] |
| GO:0002376 | immune system process | biological_process | Any process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system, an organismal system for calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats. [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add] |
| GO:0048518 | positive regulation of biological process | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. [GOC:jid] |
| GO:0030099 | myeloid cell differentiation | biological_process | The process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of any cell of the myeloid leukocyte, megakaryocyte, thrombocyte, or erythrocyte lineages. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
| GO:0002521 | leukocyte differentiation | biological_process | The process in which a relatively unspecialized hemopoietic precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a leukocyte. A leukocyte is an achromatic cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages capable of ameboid movement, found in blood or other tissue. [CL:0000738, GOC:add, PMID:16551264] |
| GO:0140297 | DNA-binding transcription factor binding | molecular_function | Binding to a DNA-binding transcription factor, a protein that interacts with a specific DNA sequence (sometimes referred to as a motif) within the regulatory region of a gene to modulate transcription. [GOC:txnOH-2018] |
| GO:0005789 | endoplasmic reticulum membrane | cellular_component | The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum. [GOC:mah] |
| GO:0002312 | B cell activation involved in immune response | biological_process | The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature B cell during an immune response, resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific. [GOC:jal] |
| GO:0009607 | response to biotic stimulus | biological_process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biotic stimulus, a stimulus caused or produced by a living organism. [GOC:hb] |
| GO:0071216 | cellular response to biotic stimulus | biological_process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biotic stimulus, a stimulus caused or produced by a living organism. [GOC:mah] |
| GO:0060537 | muscle tissue development | biological_process | The progression of muscle tissue over time, from its initial formation to its mature state. Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers. [GOC:dph] |
| GO:0030183 | B cell differentiation | biological_process | The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a B cell. A B cell is a lymphocyte of B lineage with the phenotype CD19-positive and capable of B cell mediated immunity. [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:mah] |
| GO:0045597 | positive regulation of cell differentiation | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell differentiation. [GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0008283 | cell population proliferation | biological_process | The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. [GOC:mah, GOC:mb] |
| GO:0048468 | cell development | biological_process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate. [GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0048856 | anatomical structure development | biological_process | The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an anatomical structure from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome. [GO_REF:0000021] |
| GO:0043066 | negative regulation of apoptotic process | biological_process | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_apoptosis] |
| GO:0043009 | chordate embryonic development | biological_process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo over time, from zygote formation through a stage including a notochord and neural tube until birth or egg hatching. [GOC:mtg_sensu] |
| GO:0051094 | positive regulation of developmental process | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of development, the biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote, or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). [GOC:ai] |
| GO:0050793 | regulation of developmental process | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of development, the biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote, or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). [GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0090287 | regulation of cellular response to growth factor stimulus | biological_process | Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a growth factor stimulus. [GOC:tb] |
| GO:0048646 | anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis | biological_process | The developmental process pertaining to the initial formation of an anatomical structure from unspecified parts. This process begins with the specific processes that contribute to the appearance of the discrete structure and ends when the structural rudiment is recognizable. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome. [GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:tb] |
| GO:0002366 | leukocyte activation involved in immune response | biological_process | A change in morphology and behavior of a leukocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
| GO:0009987 | cellular process | biological_process | Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete] |
| GO:0050673 | epithelial cell proliferation | biological_process | The multiplication or reproduction of epithelial cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. Epithelial cells make up the epithelium, the covering of internal and external surfaces of the body, including the lining of vessels and other small cavities. It consists of cells joined by small amounts of cementing substances. [ISBN:0721662544] |
| GO:0042113 | B cell activation | biological_process | The change in morphology and behavior of a mature or immature B cell resulting from exposure to a mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or an antigen for which it is specific. [GOC:mgi_curators, ISBN:0781735149] |
| GO:0050789 | regulation of biological process | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. [GOC:ai, GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0038023 | signaling receptor activity | molecular_function | Receiving a signal and transmitting it in the cell to initiate a change in cell activity. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response. [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling] |
| GO:0005509 | calcium ion binding | molecular_function | Binding to a calcium ion (Ca2+). [GOC:ai] |
| GO:0009792 | embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching | biological_process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an embryo over time, from zygote formation until the end of the embryonic life stage. The end of the embryonic life stage is organism-specific and may be somewhat arbitrary; for mammals it is usually considered to be birth, for insects the hatching of the first instar larva from the eggshell. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
| GO:0048583 | regulation of response to stimulus | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a response to a stimulus. Response to stimulus is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. [GOC:jid] |
| GO:0042060 | wound healing | biological_process | The series of events that restore integrity to a damaged tissue, following an injury. [GOC:bf, PMID:15269788] |
| GO:0048589 | developmental growth | biological_process | The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell, where the increase in size or mass has the specific outcome of the progression of the organism over time from one condition to another. [GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0030098 | lymphocyte differentiation | biological_process | The process in which a relatively unspecialized precursor cell acquires specialized features of a lymphocyte. A lymphocyte is a leukocyte commonly found in the blood and lymph that has the characteristics of a large nucleus, a neutral staining cytoplasm, and prominent heterochromatin. [CL:0000542, GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:2000026 | regulation of multicellular organismal development | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of multicellular organismal development. [GOC:obol] |
| GO:0006954 | inflammatory response | biological_process | The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages. [GO_REF:0000022, ISBN:0198506732] |
| GO:0051716 | cellular response to stimulus | biological_process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus by a cell and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell. [GOC:bf, GOC:jl] |
| GO:0005886 | plasma membrane | cellular_component | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363] |
| GO:0023056 | positive regulation of signaling | biological_process | Any process that activates, maintains or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a signaling process. [GOC:mtg_signal] |
| GO:0009888 | tissue development | biological_process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. [ISBN:0471245208] |
| GO:0040007 | growth | biological_process | The increase in size or mass of an entire organism, a part of an organism or a cell. [GOC:bf, GOC:ma] |
| GO:0051239 | regulation of multicellular organismal process | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a multicellular organismal process, the processes pertinent to the function of a multicellular organism above the cellular level; includes the integrated processes of tissues and organs. [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| GO:0003006 | developmental process involved in reproduction | biological_process | A developmental process in which a progressive change in the state of some part of an organism, germline or somatic, specifically contributes to its ability to form offspring. [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete] |
| GO:0006959 | humoral immune response | biological_process | An immune response mediated through a body fluid. [GOC:hb, ISBN:0198506732] |
| GO:0007219 | Notch signaling pathway | biological_process | A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to the receptor Notch on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:signaling] |
| GO:0005515 | protein binding | molecular_function | Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0002285 | lymphocyte activation involved in immune response | biological_process | A change in morphology and behavior of a lymphocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor, leading to the initiation or perpetuation of an immune response. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
| GO:0007275 | multicellular organism development | biological_process | The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb] |
| GO:0008284 | positive regulation of cell population proliferation | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation. [GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0048738 | cardiac muscle tissue development | biological_process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of cardiac muscle over time, from its formation to the mature structure. [GOC:dph, GOC:jid, GOC:lm] |
| GO:0002252 | immune effector process | biological_process | Any process of the immune system that executes a component of an immune response. An effector immune process takes place after its activation. [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
| GO:0009790 | embryo development | biological_process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an embryo from its formation until the end of its embryonic life stage. The end of the embryonic stage is organism-specific. For example, for mammals, the process would begin with zygote formation and end with birth. For insects, the process would begin at zygote formation and end with larval hatching. For plant zygotic embryos, this would be from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. For plant vegetative embryos, this would be from the initial determination of the cell or group of cells to form an embryo until the point when the embryo becomes independent of the parent plant. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
| GO:0051493 | regulation of cytoskeleton organization | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the formation, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of cytoskeletal structures. [GOC:ai] |
| GO:0042127 | regulation of cell population proliferation | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation. [GOC:jl] |
| GO:0048522 | positive regulation of cellular process | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. [GOC:jid] |
| GO:0030510 | regulation of BMP signaling pathway | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of any BMP receptor signaling pathway. [GOC:mah] |
| GO:0005634 | nucleus | cellular_component | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. [GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0001525 | angiogenesis | biological_process | Blood vessel formation when new vessels emerge from the proliferation of pre-existing blood vessels. [ISBN:0878932453] |
| GO:0005929 | cilium | cellular_component | A specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface and of some cytoplasmic parts. Each cilium is largely bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic (plasma) membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored to a basal body. [GOC:cilia, GOC:curators, GOC:kmv, GOC:vw, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16824949, PMID:17009929, PMID:20144998] |
| GO:0042742 | defense response to bacterium | biological_process | Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a bacterium that act to protect the cell or organism. [GOC:jl] |
| GO:0005654 | nucleoplasm | cellular_component | That part of the nuclear content other than the chromosomes or the nucleolus. [GOC:ma, ISBN:0124325653] |
| GO:0046579 | positive regulation of Ras protein signal transduction | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of Ras protein signal transduction. [GOC:bf] |
| GO:0046649 | lymphocyte activation | biological_process | A change in morphology and behavior of a lymphocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. [GOC:mgi_curators, ISBN:0781735149] |
| GO:0050794 | regulation of cellular process | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. [GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0001568 | blood vessel development | biological_process | The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The blood vessel is the vasculature carrying blood. [GOC:hjd, UBERON:0001981] |
| GO:0009967 | positive regulation of signal transduction | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of signal transduction. [GOC:sm] |
| GO:0000139 | Golgi membrane | cellular_component | The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus. [GOC:mah] |
| GO:0010647 | positive regulation of cell communication | biological_process | Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication. Cell communication is the process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| GO:0016020 | membrane | cellular_component | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
| GO:0002009 | morphogenesis of an epithelium | biological_process | The process in which the anatomical structures of epithelia are generated and organized. An epithelium consists of closely packed cells arranged in one or more layers, that covers the outer surfaces of the body or lines any internal cavity or tube. [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb, ISBN:0198506732] |
| GO:0010646 | regulation of cell communication | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell communication. Cell communication is the process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
| GO:0048869 | cellular developmental process | biological_process | A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cell over time from an initial condition to a later condition. [GOC:isa_complete] |
| GO:0046849 | bone remodeling | biological_process | The continuous turnover of bone matrix and mineral that involves first, an increase in resorption (osteoclastic activity) and later, reactive bone formation (osteoblastic activity). The process of bone remodeling takes place in the adult skeleton at discrete foci. The process ensures the mechanical integrity of the skeleton throughout life and plays an important role in calcium homeostasis. An imbalance in the regulation of bone resorption and bone formation results in many of the metabolic bone diseases, such as osteoporosis. [GOC:curators] |