GO term | GO name | GO namespace | GO def |
GO:0051049 | regulation of transport | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:ai] |
GO:0050789 | regulation of biological process | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. [GOC:ai, GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0031594 | neuromuscular junction | cellular_component | The junction between the axon of a motor neuron and a muscle fiber. In response to the arrival of action potentials, the presynaptic button releases molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane of the muscle fiber, leading to a change in post-synaptic potential. [GOC:nln] |
GO:0032879 | regulation of localization | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. [GOC:mah] |
GO:0009987 | cellular process | biological_process | Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete] |
GO:0110165 | cellular anatomical entity | cellular_component | A part of a cellular organism that is either an immaterial entity or a material entity with granularity above the level of a protein complex but below that of an anatomical system. Or, a substance produced by a cellular organism with granularity above the level of a protein complex. [GOC:kmv] |
GO:0005886 | plasma membrane | cellular_component | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363] |
GO:0043085 | positive regulation of catalytic activity | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the activity of an enzyme. [GOC:ebc, GOC:jl, GOC:tb, GOC:vw] |
GO:0030018 | Z disc | cellular_component | Platelike region of a muscle sarcomere to which the plus ends of actin filaments are attached. [GOC:mtg_muscle, ISBN:0815316194] |
GO:0030426 | growth cone | cellular_component | The migrating motile tip of a growing neuron projection, where actin accumulates, and the actin cytoskeleton is the most dynamic. [GOC:aruk, GOC:bc, ISBN:0815316194, PMID:10082468] |
GO:0004175 | endopeptidase activity | molecular_function | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of internal, alpha-peptide bonds in a polypeptide chain. [http://merops.sanger.ac.uk/about/glossary.htm#ENDOPEPTIDASE] |
GO:0005783 | endoplasmic reticulum | cellular_component | The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached). [ISBN:0198506732] |
GO:0043025 | neuronal cell body | cellular_component | The portion of a neuron that includes the nucleus, but excludes cell projections such as axons and dendrites. [GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0010959 | regulation of metal ion transport | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of metal ion transport. Metal ion transport is the directed movement of metal ions, any metal ion with an electric charge, into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb] |
GO:0005765 | lysosomal membrane | cellular_component | The lipid bilayer surrounding the lysosome and separating its contents from the cell cytoplasm. [GOC:ai] |
GO:0016787 | hydrolase activity | molecular_function | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of various bonds, e.g. C-O, C-N, C-C, phosphoric anhydride bonds, etc. Hydrolase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 3. [ISBN:0198506732] |
GO:0098797 | plasma membrane protein complex | cellular_component | Any protein complex that is part of the plasma membrane. [GOC:dos] |
GO:0016043 | cellular component organization | biological_process | A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. [GOC:ai, GOC:jl, GOC:mah] |
GO:0140096 | catalytic activity, acting on a protein | molecular_function | Catalytic activity that acts to modify a protein. [GOC:molecular_function_refactoring, GOC:pdt] |
GO:0005515 | protein binding | molecular_function | Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0005794 | Golgi apparatus | cellular_component | A membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelle of the endomembrane system that further processes the core oligosaccharides (e.g. N-glycans) added to proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and packages them into membrane-bound vesicles. The Golgi apparatus operates at the intersection of the secretory, lysosomal, and endocytic pathways. [ISBN:0198506732] |
GO:0050794 | regulation of cellular process | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. [GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0000139 | Golgi membrane | cellular_component | The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus. [GOC:mah] |
GO:0005637 | nuclear inner membrane | cellular_component | The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the nuclear envelope. [GOC:ma] |
GO:0016324 | apical plasma membrane | cellular_component | The region of the plasma membrane located at the apical end of the cell. [GOC:curators] |
GO:0048471 | perinuclear region of cytoplasm | cellular_component | Cytoplasm situated near, or occurring around, the nucleus. [GOC:jid] |
GO:0043269 | regulation of ion transport | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:jl] |
GO:0044238 | primary metabolic process | biological_process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving those compounds which are formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism. [GOC:go_curators, http://www.metacyc.org] |
GO:0005887 | integral component of plasma membrane | cellular_component | The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. [GOC:dos, GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0045121 | membrane raft | cellular_component | Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions. [PMID:16645198, PMID:20044567] |
GO:0016020 | membrane | cellular_component | A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
GO:0098796 | membrane protein complex | cellular_component | Any protein complex that is part of a membrane. [GOC:dos] |
GO:1901564 | organonitrogen compound metabolic process | biological_process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving organonitrogen compound. [GOC:pr, GOC:TermGenie] |
GO:0005938 | cell cortex | cellular_component | The region of a cell that lies just beneath the plasma membrane and often, but not always, contains a network of actin filaments and associated proteins. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194] |
GO:0008152 | metabolic process | biological_process | The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation. [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0198547684] |
GO:0032991 | protein-containing complex | cellular_component | A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah] |
GO:0065007 | biological regulation | biological_process | Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function. [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:vw] |
GO:0003824 | catalytic activity | molecular_function | Catalysis of a biochemical reaction at physiological temperatures. In biologically catalyzed reactions, the reactants are known as substrates, and the catalysts are naturally occurring macromolecular substances known as enzymes. Enzymes possess specific binding sites for substrates, and are usually composed wholly or largely of protein, but RNA that has catalytic activity (ribozyme) is often also regarded as enzymatic. [GOC:vw, ISBN:0198506732] |
GO:0043603 | cellular amide metabolic process | biological_process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving an amide, any derivative of an oxoacid in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group, as carried out by individual cells. [GOC:curators] |
GO:0044260 | cellular macromolecule metabolic process | biological_process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass, as carried out by individual cells. [GOC:mah] |
GO:0006816 | calcium ion transport | biological_process | The directed movement of calcium (Ca) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:ai] |
GO:0006509 | membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis | biological_process | The proteolytic cleavage of transmembrane proteins and release of their ectodomain (extracellular domain). [GOC:jl, http://www.copewithcytokines.de/] |
GO:0043066 | negative regulation of apoptotic process | biological_process | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell death by apoptotic process. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_apoptosis] |
GO:0044237 | cellular metabolic process | biological_process | The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances. [GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0008233 | peptidase activity | molecular_function | Catalysis of the hydrolysis of a peptide bond. A peptide bond is a covalent bond formed when the carbon atom from the carboxyl group of one amino acid shares electrons with the nitrogen atom from the amino group of a second amino acid. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815332181] |
GO:0051640 | organelle localization | biological_process | Any process in which an organelle is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location. [GOC:ai] |
GO:0007219 | Notch signaling pathway | biological_process | A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to the receptor Notch on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:signaling] |
GO:0000776 | kinetochore | cellular_component | A multisubunit complex that is located at the centromeric region of DNA and provides an attachment point for the spindle microtubules. [GOC:elh] |
GO:0016485 | protein processing | biological_process | Any protein maturation process achieved by the cleavage of a peptide bond or bonds within a protein. Protein maturation is the process leading to the attainment of the full functional capacity of a protein. [GOC:curators, GOC:jl, GOC:jsg] |
GO:0071704 | organic substance metabolic process | biological_process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving an organic substance, any molecular entity containing carbon. [GOC:mah] |
GO:0034765 | regulation of ion transmembrane transport | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of ions from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:mah] |
GO:0019538 | protein metabolic process | biological_process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein. Includes protein modification. [GOC:ma] |
GO:0034762 | regulation of transmembrane transport | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of a solute from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:mah] |
GO:0051924 | regulation of calcium ion transport | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of calcium ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:ai] |
GO:0006518 | peptide metabolic process | biological_process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving peptides, compounds of two or more amino acids where the alpha carboxyl group of one is bound to the alpha amino group of another. [GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0006807 | nitrogen compound metabolic process | biological_process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving organic or inorganic compounds that contain nitrogen. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0198506732] |
GO:0071840 | cellular component organization or biogenesis | biological_process | A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. [GOC:mah] |
GO:0044267 | cellular protein metabolic process | biological_process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving a specific protein, rather than of proteins in general, occurring at the level of an individual cell. Includes cellular protein modification. [GOC:jl] |
GO:0051179 | localization | biological_process | Any process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported, tethered to or otherwise maintained in a specific location. In the case of substances, localization may also be achieved via selective degradation. [GOC:ai, GOC:dos] |
GO:0034641 | cellular nitrogen compound metabolic process | biological_process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving various organic and inorganic nitrogenous compounds, as carried out by individual cells. [GOC:mah] |
GO:0035556 | intracellular signal transduction | biological_process | The process in which a signal is passed on to downstream components within the cell, which become activated themselves to further propagate the signal and finally trigger a change in the function or state of the cell. [GOC:bf, GOC:jl, GOC:signaling, ISBN:3527303782] |
GO:1904062 | regulation of cation transmembrane transport | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cation transmembrane transport. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:15304482] |
GO:0043170 | macromolecule metabolic process | biological_process | The chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. [GOC:mah] |
GO:0051641 | cellular localization | biological_process | A cellular localization process whereby a substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported to, and/or maintained in, a specific location within a cell including the localization of substances or cellular entities to the cell membrane. [GOC:tb, GOC:vw] |
GO:0005789 | endoplasmic reticulum membrane | cellular_component | The lipid bilayer surrounding the endoplasmic reticulum. [GOC:mah] |
GO:0005634 | nucleus | cellular_component | A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. [GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0005743 | mitochondrial inner membrane | cellular_component | The inner, i.e. lumen-facing, lipid bilayer of the mitochondrial envelope. It is highly folded to form cristae. [GOC:ai] |
GO:0009986 | cell surface | cellular_component | The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:sm] |
GO:0005813 | centrosome | cellular_component | A structure comprised of a core structure (in most organisms, a pair of centrioles) and peripheral material from which a microtubule-based structure, such as a spindle apparatus, is organized. Centrosomes occur close to the nucleus during interphase in many eukaryotic cells, though in animal cells it changes continually during the cell-division cycle. [GOC:mah, ISBN:0198547684] |