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  • Number of GO Term: 144
GO term
GO name
GO namespace
GO def
GO:0031325 positive regulation of cellular metabolic process biological_process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances. [GOC:mah]
GO:0060089 molecular transducer activity molecular_function A compound molecular function in which an effector function is controlled by one or more regulatory components. [GOC:dos, GOC:pdt]
GO:0010468 regulation of gene expression biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). [GOC:txnOH-2018]
GO:0048856 anatomical structure development biological_process The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an anatomical structure from an initial condition to its mature state. This process begins with the formation of the structure and ends with the mature structure, whatever form that may be including its natural destruction. An anatomical structure is any biological entity that occupies space and is distinguished from its surroundings. Anatomical structures can be macroscopic such as a carpel, or microscopic such as an acrosome. [GO_REF:0000021]
GO:0031326 regulation of cellular biosynthetic process biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances, carried out by individual cells. [GOC:mah]
GO:0071840 cellular component organization or biogenesis biological_process A process that results in the biosynthesis of constituent macromolecules, assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. [GOC:mah]
GO:0061136 regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process biological_process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of a protein or peptide by hydrolysis of its peptide bonds that is mediated by the proteasome. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
GO:0018105 peptidyl-serine phosphorylation biological_process The phosphorylation of peptidyl-serine to form peptidyl-O-phospho-L-serine. [RESID:AA0037]
GO:0016323 basolateral plasma membrane cellular_component The region of the plasma membrane that includes the basal end and sides of the cell. Often used in reference to animal polarized epithelial membranes, where the basal membrane is the part attached to the extracellular matrix, or in plant cells, where the basal membrane is defined with respect to the zygotic axis. [GOC:go_curators]
GO:2000045 regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle biological_process Any signalling pathway that modulates the activity of a cell cycle cyclin-dependent protein kinase to modulate the switch from G1 phase to S phase of the mitotic cell cycle. [GOC:mtg_cell_cycle]
GO:0005515 protein binding molecular_function Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators]
GO:0080090 regulation of primary metabolic process biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism involving those compounds formed as a part of the normal anabolic and catabolic processes. These processes take place in most, if not all, cells of the organism. [PMID:19211694]
GO:0004888 transmembrane signaling receptor activity molecular_function Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity or state as part of signal transduction. [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor]
GO:0033674 positive regulation of kinase activity biological_process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule. [GOC:mah]
GO:0009653 anatomical structure morphogenesis biological_process The process in which anatomical structures are generated and organized. Morphogenesis pertains to the creation of form. [GOC:go_curators, ISBN:0521436125]
GO:0051726 regulation of cell cycle biological_process Any process that modulates the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle. [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
GO:0000139 Golgi membrane cellular_component The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus. [GOC:mah]
GO:0051246 regulation of protein metabolic process biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein. [GOC:ai]
GO:0031514 motile cilium cellular_component A cilium which may have a variable arrangement of axonemal microtubules and also contains molecular motors. It may beat with a whip-like pattern that promotes cell motility or transport of fluids and other cells across a cell surface, such as on epithelial cells that line the lumenal ducts of various tissues; or they may display a distinct twirling motion that directs fluid flow asymmetrically across the cellular surface to affect asymmetric body plan organization. Motile cilia can be found in single as well as multiple copies per cell. [GOC:cilia, GOC:dgh, GOC:kmv, PMID:17009929, PMID:20144998, PMID:22118931]
GO:0006355 regulation of transcription, DNA-templated biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cellular DNA-templated transcription. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH]
GO:0051216 cartilage development biological_process The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a cartilage element over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cartilage elements are skeletal elements that consist of connective tissue dominated by extracellular matrix containing collagen type II and large amounts of proteoglycan, particularly chondroitin sulfate. [GOC:cjm, PMID:23251424]
GO:0010562 positive regulation of phosphorus metabolic process biological_process Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphorus or compounds containing phosphorus. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
GO:0000079 regulation of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activity. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:pr]
GO:0050794 regulation of cellular process biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. [GOC:go_curators]
GO:0060255 regulation of macromolecule metabolic process biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
GO:0051174 regulation of phosphorus metabolic process biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphorus or compounds containing phosphorus. [GOC:ai]
GO:0043933 protein-containing complex organization biological_process Any process in which macromolecules aggregate, disaggregate, or are modified, resulting in the formation, disassembly, or alteration of a protein complex. [GOC:mah]
GO:0043549 regulation of kinase activity biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of kinase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a substrate molecule. [GOC:bf]
GO:2001141 regulation of RNA biosynthetic process biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of RNA biosynthetic process. [GOC:dph]
GO:0005886 plasma membrane cellular_component The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363]
GO:0019901 protein kinase binding molecular_function Binding to a protein kinase, any enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group, usually from ATP, to a protein substrate. [GOC:jl]
GO:0031323 regulation of cellular metabolic process biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances. [GOC:mah]
GO:0016020 membrane cellular_component A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah, ISBN:0815316194]
GO:0065009 regulation of molecular function biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a molecular function, an elemental biological activity occurring at the molecular level, such as catalysis or binding. [GOC:isa_complete]
GO:0005887 integral component of plasma membrane cellular_component The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. [GOC:dos, GOC:go_curators]
GO:0060429 epithelium development biological_process The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. An epithelium is a tissue that covers the internal or external surfaces of an anatomical structure. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_lung]
GO:0006950 response to stress biological_process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). [GOC:mah]
GO:0110165 cellular anatomical entity cellular_component A part of a cellular organism that is either an immaterial entity or a material entity with granularity above the level of a protein complex but below that of an anatomical system. Or, a substance produced by a cellular organism with granularity above the level of a protein complex. [GOC:kmv]
GO:0001889 liver development biological_process The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the liver over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The liver is an exocrine gland which secretes bile and functions in metabolism of protein and carbohydrate and fat, synthesizes substances involved in the clotting of the blood, synthesizes vitamin A, detoxifies poisonous substances, stores glycogen, and breaks down worn-out erythrocytes. [GOC:add, ISBN:068340007X]
GO:0005262 calcium channel activity molecular_function Enables the facilitated diffusion of a calcium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism. [GOC:mtg_transport, GOC:pr, ISBN:0815340729]
GO:0050789 regulation of biological process biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. [GOC:ai, GOC:go_curators]
GO:0003006 developmental process involved in reproduction biological_process A developmental process in which a progressive change in the state of some part of an organism, germline or somatic, specifically contributes to its ability to form offspring. [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete]
GO:0032268 regulation of cellular protein metabolic process biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein, occurring at the level of an individual cell. [GOC:mah]
GO:0030246 carbohydrate binding molecular_function Binding to a carbohydrate, which includes monosaccharides, oligosaccharides and polysaccharides as well as substances derived from monosaccharides by reduction of the carbonyl group (alditols), by oxidation of one or more hydroxy groups to afford the corresponding aldehydes, ketones, or carboxylic acids, or by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by a hydrogen atom. Cyclitols are generally not regarded as carbohydrates. [GOC:mah]
GO:0007156 homophilic cell adhesion via plasma membrane adhesion molecules biological_process The attachment of a plasma membrane adhesion molecule in one cell to an identical molecule in an adjacent cell. [ISBN:0198506732]
GO:0051090 regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription. [GOC:ai]
GO:0044325 transmembrane transporter binding molecular_function Binding to a transmembrane transporter, a protein or protein complex that enables the transfer of a substance, usually a specific substance or a group of related substances, from one side of a membrane to the other. [GOC:BHF, GOC:jl, PMID:33199372]
GO:0007204 positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration biological_process Any process that increases the concentration of calcium ions in the cytosol. [GOC:ai]
GO:0032501 multicellular organismal process biological_process Any biological process, occurring at the level of a multicellular organism, pertinent to its function. [GOC:curators, GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb]
GO:0007155 cell adhesion biological_process The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules. [GOC:hb, GOC:pf]
GO:0016055 Wnt signaling pathway biological_process The series of molecular signals initiated by binding of a Wnt protein to a frizzled family receptor on the surface of the target cell and ending with a change in cell state. [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, PMID:11532397]
GO:0043009 chordate embryonic development biological_process The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the embryo over time, from zygote formation through a stage including a notochord and neural tube until birth or egg hatching. [GOC:mtg_sensu]
GO:0009888 tissue development biological_process The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tissue over time, from its formation to the mature structure. [ISBN:0471245208]
GO:0045860 positive regulation of protein kinase activity biological_process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity. [GOC:go_curators]
GO:0198738 cell-cell signaling by wnt biological_process Any process that mediates the transfer of information from one cell to another, medaited by a wnt family protein ligand. This process includes wnt signal transduction in the receiving cell, release of wnt ligand from a secreting cell as well as any processes that actively facilitate wnt transport and presentation to receptor on the recieving cell. [GOC:dos]
GO:0038023 signaling receptor activity molecular_function Receiving a signal and transmitting it in the cell to initiate a change in cell activity. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response. [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling]
GO:0051247 positive regulation of protein metabolic process biological_process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein. [GOC:ai]
GO:0005634 nucleus cellular_component A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. [GOC:go_curators]
GO:0070588 calcium ion transmembrane transport biological_process A process in which a calcium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:mah]
GO:0051347 positive regulation of transferase activity biological_process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transferase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from a donor compound to an acceptor. [GOC:ai]
GO:0043085 positive regulation of catalytic activity biological_process Any process that activates or increases the activity of an enzyme. [GOC:ebc, GOC:jl, GOC:tb, GOC:vw]
GO:0009987 cellular process biological_process Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete]
GO:0019219 regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process biological_process Any cellular process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nucleobases, nucleosides, nucleotides and nucleic acids. [GOC:go_curators]
GO:0009986 cell surface cellular_component The external part of the cell wall and/or plasma membrane. [GOC:jl, GOC:mtg_sensu, GOC:sm]
GO:0042327 positive regulation of phosphorylation biological_process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to a molecule. [GOC:jl]
GO:0050790 regulation of catalytic activity biological_process Any process that modulates the activity of an enzyme. [GOC:ai, GOC:ebc, GOC:vw]
GO:0007259 receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT biological_process Any process in which STAT proteins (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription) and JAK (Janus Activated Kinase) proteins convey a signal to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. The receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT begins with activation of a receptor and proceeeds through STAT protein activation by members of the JAK family of tyrosine kinases. STAT proteins dimerize and subsequently translocate to the nucleus. The pathway ends with regulation of target gene expression by STAT proteins. [GOC:bf, GOC:jl, GOC:signaling, PMID:12039028]
GO:0045787 positive regulation of cell cycle biological_process Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the cell cycle. [GOC:go_curators]
GO:0048608 reproductive structure development biological_process The reproductive developmental process whose specific outcome is the progression of somatic structures that will be used in the process of creating new individuals from one or more parents, from their formation to the mature structures. [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:jid]
GO:0032270 positive regulation of cellular protein metabolic process biological_process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving a protein, occurring at the level of an individual cell. [GOC:mah]
GO:0032502 developmental process biological_process A biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of an integrated living unit
GO:0071902 positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity biological_process Any process that increases the rate, frequency, or extent of protein serine/threonine kinase activity. [GOC:mah]
GO:0048522 positive regulation of cellular process biological_process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. [GOC:jid]
GO:0001932 regulation of protein phosphorylation biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups into an amino acid in a protein. [GOC:hjd]
GO:0048513 animal organ development biological_process Development of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a structure over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions. [GOC:dph, GOC:jid]
GO:0005929 cilium cellular_component A specialized eukaryotic organelle that consists of a filiform extrusion of the cell surface and of some cytoplasmic parts. Each cilium is largely bounded by an extrusion of the cytoplasmic (plasma) membrane, and contains a regular longitudinal array of microtubules, anchored to a basal body. [GOC:cilia, GOC:curators, GOC:kmv, GOC:vw, ISBN:0198547684, PMID:16824949, PMID:17009929, PMID:20144998]
GO:0001934 positive regulation of protein phosphorylation biological_process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups to amino acids within a protein. [GOC:hjd]
GO:0043226 organelle cellular_component Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, and prokaryotic structures such as anammoxosomes and pirellulosomes. Excludes the plasma membrane. [GOC:go_curators]
GO:0043433 negative regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity biological_process Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of a transcription factor, any factor involved in the initiation or regulation of transcription. [GOC:jl]
GO:0051171 regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrogen or nitrogenous compounds. [GOC:ai, GOC:tb]
GO:0051338 regulation of transferase activity biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transferase activity, the catalysis of the transfer of a group, e.g. a methyl group, glycosyl group, acyl group, phosphorus-containing, or other groups, from one compound (generally regarded as the donor) to another compound (generally regarded as the acceptor). Transferase is the systematic name for any enzyme of EC class 2. [GOC:ai]
GO:0030660 Golgi-associated vesicle membrane cellular_component The lipid bilayer surrounding a vesicle associated with the Golgi apparatus. [GOC:mah]
GO:0044093 positive regulation of molecular function biological_process Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of a molecular function, an elemental biological activity occurring at the molecular level, such as catalysis or binding. [GO:jl]
GO:0007275 multicellular organism development biological_process The biological process whose specific outcome is the progression of a multicellular organism over time from an initial condition (e.g. a zygote or a young adult) to a later condition (e.g. a multicellular animal or an aged adult). [GOC:dph, GOC:ems, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:tb]
GO:0060170 ciliary membrane cellular_component The portion of the plasma membrane surrounding a cilium. [GOC:cilia, GOC:dph, GOC:rph]
GO:0045937 positive regulation of phosphate metabolic process biological_process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphates. [GOC:go_curators]
GO:0007160 cell-matrix adhesion biological_process The binding of a cell to the extracellular matrix via adhesion molecules. [GOC:hb]
GO:0019222 regulation of metabolic process biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism. [GOC:go_curators]
GO:0022610 biological adhesion biological_process The attachment of a cell or organism to a substrate, another cell, or other organism. Biological adhesion includes intracellular attachment between membrane regions. [GOC:isa_complete]
GO:0051173 positive regulation of nitrogen compound metabolic process biological_process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving nitrogen or nitrogenous compounds. [GOC:ai, GOC:tb]
GO:0010604 positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process biological_process Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving macromolecules, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
GO:0016043 cellular component organization biological_process A process that results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of a cellular component. [GOC:ai, GOC:jl, GOC:mah]
GO:0048568 embryonic organ development biological_process Development, taking place during the embryonic phase, of a tissue or tissues that work together to perform a specific function or functions. Development pertains to the process whose specific outcome is the progression of a structure over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Organs are commonly observed as visibly distinct structures, but may also exist as loosely associated clusters of cells that work together to perform a specific function or functions. [GOC:jid]
GO:0035295 tube development biological_process The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a tube over time, from its initial formation to a mature structure. Epithelial and endothelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues including lung and trachea, kidney, the mammary gland, the vascular system and the gastrointestinal and urinary-genital tracts. [PMID:12526790]
GO:0051179 localization biological_process Any process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported, tethered to or otherwise maintained in a specific location. In the case of substances, localization may also be achieved via selective degradation. [GOC:ai, GOC:dos]
GO:0002009 morphogenesis of an epithelium biological_process The process in which the anatomical structures of epithelia are generated and organized. An epithelium consists of closely packed cells arranged in one or more layers, that covers the outer surfaces of the body or lines any internal cavity or tube. [GOC:dph, GOC:jl, GOC:tb, ISBN:0198506732]
GO:0031589 cell-substrate adhesion biological_process The attachment of a cell to the underlying substrate via adhesion molecules. [GOC:mah, GOC:pf]
GO:0001763 morphogenesis of a branching structure biological_process The process in which the anatomical structures of branches are generated and organized. A branch is a division or offshoot from a main stem. Examples in animals would include blood vessels, nerves, lymphatics and other endothelial or epithelial tubes. [ISBN:0721662544]
GO:0007507 heart development biological_process The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the heart over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood. [GOC:jid, UBERON:0000948]
GO:0035239 tube morphogenesis biological_process The process in which the anatomical structures of a tube are generated and organized. Epithelial and endothelial tubes transport gases, liquids and cells from one site to another and form the basic structure of many organs and tissues, with tube shape and organization varying from the single-celled excretory organ in Caenorhabditis elegans to the branching trees of the mammalian kidney and insect tracheal system. [GOC:bf, PMID:14624839]
GO:0009790 embryo development biological_process The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an embryo from its formation until the end of its embryonic life stage. The end of the embryonic stage is organism-specific. For example, for mammals, the process would begin with zygote formation and end with birth. For insects, the process would begin at zygote formation and end with larval hatching. For plant zygotic embryos, this would be from zygote formation to the end of seed dormancy. For plant vegetative embryos, this would be from the initial determination of the cell or group of cells to form an embryo until the point when the embryo becomes independent of the parent plant. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:mtg_sensu]
GO:0060236 regulation of mitotic spindle organization biological_process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the microtubule spindle during a mitotic cell cycle. [GOC:ascb_2009, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
GO:0022414 reproductive process biological_process A biological process that directly contributes to the process of producing new individuals by one or two organisms. The new individuals inherit some proportion of their genetic material from the parent or parents. [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete]
GO:0030010 establishment of cell polarity biological_process The specification and formation of anisotropic intracellular organization or cell growth patterns. [GOC:mah]
GO:0050896 response to stimulus biological_process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. [GOC:ai, GOC:bf]
GO:0005783 endoplasmic reticulum cellular_component The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached). [ISBN:0198506732]
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II biological_process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:txnOH]
GO:0005737 cytoplasm cellular_component The contents of a cell excluding the plasma membrane and nucleus, but including other subcellular structures. [ISBN:0198547684]
GO:0031401 positive regulation of protein modification process biological_process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent alteration of one or more amino acid residues within a protein. [GOC:mah, GOC:tb]
GO:0065007 biological regulation biological_process Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function. [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:vw]
GO:1904029 regulation of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cyclin-dependent protein kinase activity. [GO_REF:0000059, GOC:als, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:22995177]
GO:0044092 negative regulation of molecular function biological_process Any process that stops or reduces the rate or extent of a molecular function, an elemental biological activity occurring at the molecular level, such as catalysis or binding. [GO:jl]
GO:0071900 regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity biological_process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency, or extent of protein serine/threonine kinase activity. [GOC:mah]
GO:0019220 regulation of phosphate metabolic process biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving phosphates. [GOC:go_curators]
GO:0043227 membrane-bounded organelle cellular_component Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. [GOC:go_curators]
GO:0021915 neural tube development biological_process The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the neural tube over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mature structure of the neural tube exists when the tube has been segmented into the forebrain, midbrain, hindbrain and spinal cord regions. In addition neural crest has budded away from the epithelium. [GO_REF:0000021, GOC:cls, GOC:dgh, GOC:dph, GOC:jid]
GO:0006611 protein export from nucleus biological_process The directed movement of a protein from the nucleus into the cytoplasm. [GOC:jl]
GO:0022607 cellular component assembly biological_process The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a cellular component. [GOC:isa_complete]
GO:0005794 Golgi apparatus cellular_component A membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelle of the endomembrane system that further processes the core oligosaccharides (e.g. N-glycans) added to proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and packages them into membrane-bound vesicles. The Golgi apparatus operates at the intersection of the secretory, lysosomal, and endocytic pathways. [ISBN:0198506732]
GO:0048518 positive regulation of biological process biological_process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. [GOC:jid]
GO:0065003 protein-containing complex assembly biological_process The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of macromolecules to form a protein-containing complex. [GOC:jl]
GO:0051252 regulation of RNA metabolic process biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving RNA. [GOC:ai]
GO:0009792 embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching biological_process The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an embryo over time, from zygote formation until the end of the embryonic life stage. The end of the embryonic life stage is organism-specific and may be somewhat arbitrary; for mammals it is usually considered to be birth, for insects the hatching of the first instar larva from the eggshell. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:mtg_sensu]
GO:0030155 regulation of cell adhesion biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell or to the extracellular matrix. [GOC:mah]
GO:0051235 maintenance of location biological_process Any process in which a cell, substance or cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is maintained in a location and prevented from moving elsewhere. [GOC:ai, GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
GO:0034704 calcium channel complex cellular_component An ion channel complex through which calcium ions pass. [GOC:mah]
GO:0010556 regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process biological_process Any process that modulates the rate, frequency or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of a macromolecule, any molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. [GOC:dph, GOC:tb]
GO:0042325 regulation of phosphorylation biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of addition of phosphate groups into a molecule. [GOC:jl]
GO:0032991 protein-containing complex cellular_component A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah]
GO:0045859 regulation of protein kinase activity biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of protein kinase activity. [GOC:go_curators]
GO:0031982 vesicle cellular_component Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by membrane. [GOC:mah, GOC:pz, GOC:vesicles]
GO:0005488 binding molecular_function The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732]
GO:0031399 regulation of protein modification process biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the covalent alteration of one or more amino acid residues within a protein. [GOC:mah, GOC:tb]
GO:1903506 regulation of nucleic acid-templated transcription biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of nucleic acid-templated transcription. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:pr, GOC:TermGenie, GOC:txnOH, GOC:vw]
GO:0001822 kidney development biological_process The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the kidney over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The kidney is an organ that filters the blood and/or excretes the end products of body metabolism in the form of urine. [GOC:dph, GOC:mtg_kidney_jan10, ISBN:0124020607, ISBN:0721662544]
GO:0048729 tissue morphogenesis biological_process The process in which the anatomical structures of a tissue are generated and organized. [GOC:dph, GOC:jid]
GO:0043588 skin development biological_process The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the skin over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The skin is the external membranous integument of an animal. In vertebrates the skin generally consists of two layers, an outer nonsensitive and nonvascular epidermis (cuticle or skarfskin) composed of cells which are constantly growing and multiplying in the deeper, and being thrown off in the superficial layers, as well as an inner vascular dermis (cutis, corium or true skin) composed mostly of connective tissue. [GOC:jl, UBERON:0002097]
GO:0009893 positive regulation of metabolic process biological_process Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways within a cell or an organism. [GOC:go_curators]
GO:0050982 detection of mechanical stimulus biological_process The series of events by which a mechanical stimulus is received and converted into a molecular signal. [GOC:ai, GOC:dos]
GO:0001568 blood vessel development biological_process The process whose specific outcome is the progression of a blood vessel over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The blood vessel is the vasculature carrying blood. [GOC:hjd, UBERON:0001981]
GO:0016021 integral component of membrane cellular_component The component of a membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. [GOC:dos, GOC:go_curators]
GO:0009889 regulation of biosynthetic process biological_process Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the formation of substances. [GOC:go_curators]
GO:0006816 calcium ion transport biological_process The directed movement of calcium (Ca) ions into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:ai]
GO:0034703 cation channel complex cellular_component An ion channel complex through which cations pass. [GOC:mah]