GO term |
GO name |
GO namespace |
GO def |
GO:0048583 | regulation of response to stimulus | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a response to a stimulus. Response to stimulus is a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. [GOC:jid] |
GO:0006955 | immune response | biological_process | Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add] |
GO:0009897 | external side of plasma membrane | cellular_component | The leaflet of the plasma membrane that faces away from the cytoplasm and any proteins embedded or anchored in it or attached to its surface. [GOC:dos, GOC:tb] |
GO:0005515 | protein binding | molecular_function | Binding to a protein. [GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0043227 | membrane-bounded organelle | cellular_component | Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function, bounded by a single or double lipid bilayer membrane. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, and vesicles. Excludes the plasma membrane. [GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0042127 | regulation of cell population proliferation | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation. [GOC:jl] |
GO:0002696 | positive regulation of leukocyte activation | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte activation. [GOC:add] |
GO:0005615 | extracellular space | cellular_component | That part of a multicellular organism outside the cells proper, usually taken to be outside the plasma membranes, and occupied by fluid. [ISBN:0198547684] |
GO:0002252 | immune effector process | biological_process | Any process of the immune system that executes a component of an immune response. An effector immune process takes place after its activation. [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
GO:0048522 | positive regulation of cellular process | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. [GOC:jid] |
GO:0002460 | adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains | biological_process | An immune response mediated by lymphocytes expressing specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process that includes somatic recombination of germline gene segments encoding immunoglobulin superfamily domains. Recombined receptors for antigen encoded by immunoglobulin superfamily domains include T cell receptors and immunoglobulins (antibodies) produced by B cells. The first encounter with antigen elicits a primary immune response that is slow and not of great magnitude. T and B cells selected by antigen become activated and undergo clonal expansion. A fraction of antigen-reactive T and B cells become memory cells, whereas others differentiate into effector cells. The memory cells generated during the primary response enable a much faster and stronger secondary immune response upon subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory). An example of this is the adaptive immune response found in Mus musculus. [GOC:add, GOC:mtg_sensu, ISBN:0781735149, ISBN:1405196831] |
GO:0007166 | cell surface receptor signaling pathway | biological_process | A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] |
GO:0050670 | regulation of lymphocyte proliferation | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte proliferation. [GOC:ai] |
GO:0006950 | response to stress | biological_process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a disturbance in organismal or cellular homeostasis, usually, but not necessarily, exogenous (e.g. temperature, humidity, ionizing radiation). [GOC:mah] |
GO:0050789 | regulation of biological process | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. [GOC:ai, GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0110165 | cellular anatomical entity | cellular_component | A part of a cellular organism that is either an immaterial entity or a material entity with granularity above the level of a protein complex but below that of an anatomical system. Or, a substance produced by a cellular organism with granularity above the level of a protein complex. [GOC:kmv] |
GO:0006952 | defense response | biological_process | Reactions, triggered in response to the presence of a foreign body or the occurrence of an injury, which result in restriction of damage to the organism attacked or prevention/recovery from the infection caused by the attack. [GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0051249 | regulation of lymphocyte activation | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte activation. [GOC:ai] |
GO:0005887 | integral component of plasma membrane | cellular_component | The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. [GOC:dos, GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0007165 | signal transduction | biological_process | The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] |
GO:0002768 | immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway | biological_process | A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to a receptor on the surface of the target cell capable of activating, perpetuating, or inhibiting an immune response. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:15771571] |
GO:0043226 | organelle | cellular_component | Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, and prokaryotic structures such as anammoxosomes and pirellulosomes. Excludes the plasma membrane. [GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0032944 | regulation of mononuclear cell proliferation | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of mononuclear cell proliferation. [GOC:add] |
GO:0060089 | molecular transducer activity | molecular_function | A compound molecular function in which an effector function is controlled by one or more regulatory components. [GOC:dos, GOC:pdt] |
GO:0050865 | regulation of cell activation | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell activation, the change in the morphology or behavior of a cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand. [GOC:ai] |
GO:0002684 | positive regulation of immune system process | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune system process. [GOC:add] |
GO:0051707 | response to other organism | biological_process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from another living organism. [GOC:ai] |
GO:0002682 | regulation of immune system process | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of an immune system process. [GOC:add] |
GO:0098542 | defense response to other organism | biological_process | Reactions triggered in response to the presence of another organism that act to protect the cell or organism from damage caused by that organism. [GOC:dos] |
GO:0002449 | lymphocyte mediated immunity | biological_process | Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a lymphocyte. [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
GO:0045321 | leukocyte activation | biological_process | A change in morphology and behavior of a leukocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. [GOC:add] |
GO:0098796 | membrane protein complex | cellular_component | Any protein complex that is part of a membrane. [GOC:dos] |
GO:0043207 | response to external biotic stimulus | biological_process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external biotic stimulus, an external stimulus caused by, or produced by living things. [GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0005886 | plasma membrane | cellular_component | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363] |
GO:0050776 | regulation of immune response | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the immune response, the immunological reaction of an organism to an immunogenic stimulus. [GOC:ai] |
GO:0065007 | biological regulation | biological_process | Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function. [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:vw] |
GO:0098797 | plasma membrane protein complex | cellular_component | Any protein complex that is part of the plasma membrane. [GOC:dos] |
GO:0009607 | response to biotic stimulus | biological_process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a biotic stimulus, a stimulus caused or produced by a living organism. [GOC:hb] |
GO:0038023 | signaling receptor activity | molecular_function | Receiving a signal and transmitting it in the cell to initiate a change in cell activity. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response. [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling] |
GO:0002694 | regulation of leukocyte activation | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate, or extent of leukocyte activation. [GOC:add] |
GO:0002376 | immune system process | biological_process | Any process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system, an organismal system for calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats. [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add] |
GO:0045087 | innate immune response | biological_process | Innate immune responses are defense responses mediated by germline encoded components that directly recognize components of potential pathogens. [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, GOC:ebc, GOC:mtg_sensu] |
GO:0009605 | response to external stimulus | biological_process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an external stimulus. [GOC:hb] |
GO:0051251 | positive regulation of lymphocyte activation | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte activation. [GOC:ai] |
GO:0001775 | cell activation | biological_process | A change in the morphology or behavior of a cell resulting from exposure to an activating factor such as a cellular or soluble ligand. [GOC:mgi_curators] |
GO:0005488 | binding | molecular_function | The selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric, interaction of a molecule with one or more specific sites on another molecule. [GOC:ceb, GOC:mah, ISBN:0198506732] |
GO:0006954 | inflammatory response | biological_process | The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages. [GO_REF:0000022, ISBN:0198506732] |
GO:0050867 | positive regulation of cell activation | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of activation. [GOC:ai] |
GO:0008284 | positive regulation of cell population proliferation | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation. [GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0046649 | lymphocyte activation | biological_process | A change in morphology and behavior of a lymphocyte resulting from exposure to a specific antigen, mitogen, cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. [GOC:mgi_curators, ISBN:0781735149] |
GO:0002250 | adaptive immune response | biological_process | An immune response mediated by cells expressing specific receptors for antigen produced through a somatic diversification process, and allowing for an enhanced secondary response to subsequent exposures to the same antigen (immunological memory). [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
GO:0050896 | response to stimulus | biological_process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. [GOC:ai, GOC:bf] |
GO:0031982 | vesicle | cellular_component | Any small, fluid-filled, spherical organelle enclosed by membrane. [GOC:mah, GOC:pz, GOC:vesicles] |
GO:0032991 | protein-containing complex | cellular_component | A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together. [GOC:dos, GOC:mah] |
GO:0009987 | cellular process | biological_process | Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete] |
GO:0044419 | biological process involved in interspecies interaction between organisms | biological_process | Any process evolved to enable an interaction with an organism of a different species. [GOC:cc] |
GO:0050794 | regulation of cellular process | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. [GOC:go_curators] |
GO:0004888 | transmembrane signaling receptor activity | molecular_function | Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity or state as part of signal transduction. [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor] |
GO:0002764 | immune response-regulating signaling pathway | biological_process | The cascade of processes by which a signal interacts with a receptor, causing a change in the level or activity of a second messenger or other downstream target, and ultimately leading to the activation, perpetuation, or inhibition of an immune response. [GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149, PMID:15771571] |
GO:0048518 | positive regulation of biological process | biological_process | Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. [GOC:jid] |
GO:0044877 | protein-containing complex binding | molecular_function | Binding to a macromolecular complex. [GOC:jl] |
GO:0002443 | leukocyte mediated immunity | biological_process | Any process involved in the carrying out of an immune response by a leukocyte. [GO_REF:0000022, GOC:add, ISBN:0781735149] |
GO:0070663 | regulation of leukocyte proliferation | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of leukocyte proliferation. [GOC:add, GOC:mah] |
GO term |
GO name |
GO namespace |
GO def |