| GO term | GO name | GO namespace | GO def |
| GO:0008285 | negative regulation of cell population proliferation | biological_process | Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the rate or extent of cell proliferation. [GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0007165 | signal transduction | biological_process | The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:mtg_signaling_feb11] |
| GO:0004930 | G protein-coupled receptor activity | molecular_function | Combining with an extracellular signal and transmitting the signal across the membrane by activating an associated G-protein; promotes the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha subunit of a heterotrimeric G-protein complex. [GOC:bf, http://www.iuphar-db.org, Wikipedia:GPCR] |
| GO:0007186 | G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway | biological_process | A series of molecular signals that proceeds with an activated receptor promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP on the alpha-subunit of an associated heterotrimeric G-protein complex. The GTP-bound activated alpha-G-protein then dissociates from the beta- and gamma-subunits to further transmit the signal within the cell. The pathway begins with receptor-ligand interaction, or for basal GPCR signaling the pathway begins with the receptor activating its G protein in the absence of an agonist, and ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. The pathway can start from the plasma membrane, Golgi or nuclear membrane. [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, PMID:16902576, PMID:24568158, Wikipedia:G_protein-coupled_receptor] |
| GO:1903530 | regulation of secretion by cell | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of secretion by cell. [GO_REF:0000058, GOC:pm, GOC:TermGenie, PMID:12130530] |
| GO:0045202 | synapse | cellular_component | The junction between an axon of one neuron and a dendrite of another neuron, a muscle fiber or a glial cell. As the axon approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic terminal bouton, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the terminal bouton is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic terminal bouton secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane. [GOC:aruk, ISBN:0198506732, PMID:24619342, PMID:29383328, PMID:31998110] |
| GO:0030336 | negative regulation of cell migration | biological_process | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of cell migration. [GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0051046 | regulation of secretion | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the controlled release of a substance from a cell or a tissue. [GOC:ai] |
| GO:0007190 | activation of adenylate cyclase activity | biological_process | Any process that initiates the activity of the inactive enzyme adenylate cyclase. [GOC:ai] |
| GO:0032879 | regulation of localization | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of any process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity is transported to, or maintained in, a specific location. [GOC:mah] |
| GO:0050789 | regulation of biological process | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a biological process. Biological processes are regulated by many means; examples include the control of gene expression, protein modification or interaction with a protein or substrate molecule. [GOC:ai, GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0042734 | presynaptic membrane | cellular_component | A specialized area of membrane of the axon terminal that faces the plasma membrane of the neuron or muscle fiber with which the axon terminal establishes a synaptic junction; many synaptic junctions exhibit structural presynaptic characteristics, such as conical, electron-dense internal protrusions, that distinguish it from the remainder of the axon plasma membrane. [GOC:jl, ISBN:0815316194] |
| GO:0008016 | regulation of heart contraction | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of heart contraction. Heart contraction is the process in which the heart decreases in volume in a characteristic way to propel blood through the body. [GOC:dph, GOC:go_curators, GOC:tb] |
| GO:0065007 | biological regulation | biological_process | Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function. [GOC:dph, GOC:isa_complete, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:vw] |
| GO:0009611 | response to wounding | biological_process | Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus indicating damage to the organism. [GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0050794 | regulation of cellular process | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of a cellular process, any of those that are carried out at the cellular level, but are not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. [GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0009987 | cellular process | biological_process | Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. [GOC:go_curators, GOC:isa_complete] |
| GO:0038023 | signaling receptor activity | molecular_function | Receiving a signal and transmitting it in the cell to initiate a change in cell activity. A signal is a physical entity or change in state that is used to transfer information in order to trigger a response. [GOC:bf, GOC:signaling] |
| GO:0004888 | transmembrane signaling receptor activity | molecular_function | Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity or state as part of signal transduction. [GOC:go_curators, Wikipedia:Transmembrane_receptor] |
| GO:0032088 | negative regulation of NF-kappaB transcription factor activity | biological_process | Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB. [GOC:dph, GOC:rl, GOC:tb] |
| GO:0005886 | plasma membrane | cellular_component | The membrane surrounding a cell that separates the cell from its external environment. It consists of a phospholipid bilayer and associated proteins. [ISBN:0716731363] |
| GO:0060089 | molecular transducer activity | molecular_function | A compound molecular function in which an effector function is controlled by one or more regulatory components. [GOC:dos, GOC:pdt] |
| GO:0005887 | integral component of plasma membrane | cellular_component | The component of the plasma membrane consisting of the gene products and protein complexes having at least some part of their peptide sequence embedded in the hydrophobic region of the membrane. [GOC:dos, GOC:go_curators] |
| GO:0007166 | cell surface receptor signaling pathway | biological_process | A series of molecular signals initiated by activation of a receptor on the surface of a cell. The pathway begins with binding of an extracellular ligand to a cell surface receptor, or for receptors that signal in the absence of a ligand, by ligand-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. The pathway ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. [GOC:bf, GOC:mah, GOC:pr, GOC:signaling] |
| GO:0051049 | regulation of transport | biological_process | Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. [GOC:ai] |
| GO:0006954 | inflammatory response | biological_process | The immediate defensive reaction (by vertebrate tissue) to infection or injury caused by chemical or physical agents. The process is characterized by local vasodilation, extravasation of plasma into intercellular spaces and accumulation of white blood cells and macrophages. [GO_REF:0000022, ISBN:0198506732] |